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Kembali| NIM (Student Number) | A1D015064 |
|---|---|
| Nama Mahasiswa | CICI ISWANTI |
| Judul Artikel | EKSPLORASI DAN APLIKASI BAKTERI ENDOFIT AKAR PADI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT HAWAR DAUN DAN PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN PADI |
| Abstrak | Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan bakteri endofit dari akar padi di beberapa daerah meliputi Karangwangkal, Sumbang, Rawalo, dan Somagede dan mengetahui bakteri endofit yang efektif untuk mengendalikan penyakit hawar daun pada tanaman padi serta pengaruhnya pada pertumbuhan tanaman padi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai dengan November 2019 di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman dan kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto. Penelitian dilakukan dalam tiga tahap yaitu eksplorasi bakteri endofit dari empat lahan, secara in-vitro di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman dan in-planta di rumah plastik Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pada uji in-vitro dan Rancangan Acak Kelompok pada uji in-planta dengan sembilan perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas kontrol dan delapan bakteri endofit. Variabel yang diamati meliputi zona bening, mekanisme antagonisme, masa inkubasi, intensitas penyakit, AUDPC, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah anakan, kehijauan daun, panjang akar, volume akar, bobot basah akar, bobot basah tajuk, bobot basah tanaman, bobot kering akar, bobot kering tajuk, dan bobot kering tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri endofit yang telah diisolasi dari akar padi dari daerah Karangwangkal, Sumbang, Rawalo, dan Somagede diperoleh delapan isolat meliputi B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, dan B8. Berdasarkan hasil uji in-vitro, bakteri endofit isolat Karangwangkal memiliki tingkat penghambatan paling besar yaitu dengan membentuk zona hambatan sebesar 10.3 mm dengan mekanisme penghambatan bakteriostatis. Bakteri isolat B3 dapat menunda masa inkubasi paling lama dan memiliki tingkat intensitas penyakit serta nilai AUDPC paling rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan yang lainnya. Perlakuan bakteri isolat Karangwangkal dan isolat Sumbang secara in-planta dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, kehijauan daun, jumlah anakan, dan jumlah daun. |
| Abstrak (Inggris) | The goal of this study is to obtain endophytic bacteria from rice roots in several areas including Karangwangkal, Sumbang, Rawalo, and Somagede. In addition, this research is expected to be an alternative way to find out the effectiveness of endophytic bacteria in controlling BLB in rice plants and their effects on the plant growth. This research was conducted from May to November 2019 at Plant Protection Laboratory and experimental gardens at Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto. This research was conducted from May to November 2019 at Plant Protection Laboratory and experimental gardens at Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto. The research was divided into three stages that consist of; the exploration of endophytic bacteria from 4 different fields at various location as mentioned before, in-vitro experimental study at Plant Protection Laboratory, and in-planta study at Plastic House of Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto. This study arranged with a Completely Randomized Design during in-vitro test besides, for in planta test, Randomized Block Design was used. Both of the methods were treated with nine treatments and three replication. The treatments consist of control and eight endophytic bacterias. In this experiments, there are several Variables observed included clear zone, inhibitory mechanism, incubation period, disease intensity, AUDPC (Area Under Disease Progress Curve), plant height, number of leaves, presence of the young rice, color of the leaves, root length, root volume, fresh weight of the root, canopy and the plant as well as their dry weight. The results showed that endophytic bacteria isolated from rice roots from Karangwangkal, Sumbang, Rawalo, and Somagede areas obtained 8 isolates including B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, and B8. In this case, BLB in rice plants was identified to be caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Based on the results of in-vitro tests, endophytic B3 from Karangwangkal isolates have the greatest inhibitory rate proven by forming 10.3 mm of inhibition zone with bacteriostatic inhibition mechanism. Furthermore, In-planta test results showed that B3 endophytic isolate bacteria cause the longest delay in the incubation period compared to the control. Thus, it has the highest resistency against the pathogen as well as the lowest level of AUDPC value than the other treatments. Meanwhile, for In-planta treatment of endophytic B3 from Karangwangkal and B5 from Sumbang isolates have potential to increase plant height, color of the leaves, presence of the young rice, and number of leaves. |
| Kata Kunci | bakteri endofit, hawar daun, padi, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae |
| Nama Pembimbing 1 | Dr. Ir. Nur Prihatiningsih, M.S. |
| Nama Pembimbing 2 | Ir. G.H. Sumartono, M.S., M.Si. |
| Tahun | 2020 |
| Jumlah Halaman | 16 |
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